1.4 Big Data Big Insights

Big Data - Big Insights is an important prose for teachers and students of 21st  century . In the age of information technology, everyone should be aware of the importance of information shared, stored, monitored and analysed. The data is such a huge that the adjective big to Data seems to be small. Reading of the prose gives  the teacher as well as students the big insights. We are aware of the words like kb (kilo byte), mb (mega byte), gb (giga byte) and tb( tera byte) . These are the measures of information( data.).

 Through this lesson we understand what exactly data means and how huge it is. Our sharing on whats-app , face book , twitter and other social media , our online transactions over amazon, snap-deal, flip-cart are recorded and analysed.  The data is used by different organisations .  

Uses of Big Data 

 We get calls, emails and messages from unknown for selling goods and services. When our child is in9th or 10th std,  we get messages from coaching classes. Have you ever given thought how do they know that your child is in std 10th? They get such information from big data. Our online activities are collected and analysed. While surfing shopping websites, they show the things of your interest first.Our mobiles show how many steps we have walked. 

There are many uses of data collected. 

• Location Tracking 
• GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data to track the location 
• We get information about traffic and one way route and accident prone areas . 
• Understanding the weather pattern
• Weather sensors and satellites use data to forecast weather. 
• Banking, Finance and Trading 
• Design suitable plans for investors knowing their needs .
• Monitor financial markets 
• Sports
• Sportsmen used data to improve their performance.  

After studying this lesson we can be well informed about data world wide. We can find a way to use such data to improve the educations system. We can take precaution what to share and what not. We are warned not to share passwords and pin codes of Credit/ Debit Card. Here we find the reason. 

4.4 The Sign of Four- Novel

 4.4 The Sign of Four- Novel 

Writer: Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle:

         Arthur Conan Doyle was a British writer and physician. He created the character Sherlock Holmes. He created the character Sherlock Holmes in 1887 for ‘A Study in Scarlet’. Four novels and fifty-six short stories include Holmes and Dr. Watson. The Sherlock Holmes stories are considered milestones in the field of crime fiction. The Sherlock Holmes stories are generally considered milestones in the field of crime fiction.

Doyle was a prolific writer. Other than Holmes stories, his works include fantasy and science fiction stories as well as plays, poetry, non-fiction and historical novels.

The Novel: The Sign of Four:

         ‘The Sign of Four’ is the second novel of Arthur Conan Doyle in which Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson solve the mystery of the hidden treasure and murder. This story has references of Indian places. In the text book the story begins from Chapter II. Here the suspense of the invitation and the journey to find out the reality are given.

Characters:

Sherlock Holmes: He is the story’s protagonist. He is the famous detective. He has a supreme or almost superhuman intelligence that allows him to solve the difficult cases.

Mary Morstan: A young woman who needs Holmes’ help. Miss Morstan comes to Sherlock Holmes to see if he can help her find out what happened to her father, Captain Morstan, who disappeared a few years previously.

Thaddeus Sholto: Thaddeus Sholto is one of Major Sholto’s sons. He is brother of Bartholomew Sholto. He is an unusual character. Thaddeus is the one who decides to contact Miss Morstan and asks her to meet him.

Toby: Trained Dog

Dr.John Watson: He is the narrator of the story and Sherlock Holmes’ loyal assistant. He is a doctor by profession.

Major Sholto: Guard of Andaman, criminal

Tonga: He is a native of the Andaman Islands who was helped by Jonathan Small when suffering from ill health. So, he is loyal to Small. (Criminal)

Jonathan Small: He is the wooden-legged man who seeks revenge on Major Sholto for the theft of the Agra treasure. He is one of “the four” original men who acquired the treasure. A wooden legged man, criminal

Captain Morstan: Captain Morstan was an officer in the British army who served in India. He is Mary Morstan’s father, and his unexplained disappearance is the catalyst for the novella’s plot. He was a friend of Major Sholto.

Major Sholto: He is the father of Bartholomew and Thaddeus Sholto. He was a friend of Captain Morstan, with whom he served in India.

Abdullah Khan: He is an Indian man and one of the signatories of “the sign of the four” and the man who told Jonathan Small about the Agra treasure.

Dost Akbar: He is an Indian man and one of the signatories of “the sign of the four.” He lures the merchant—the man who is carrying the Agra treasure—into the trap set by the other men.

Mahomet Singh: He is an Indian man and one of the signatories of “the sign of the four.” He colluded with Jonathan Small, Abdullah Khan and Dost Akbar to seize the Agra treasure.

 

Essence of Sign of the Four:

           It has a complex plot involving service in India, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, a stolen Agra treasure, and a secret pact among four convicts ("the Four" of the title) and two corrupt prison guards. It also introduces Dr. Watson's future wife, Mary Morstan.

 

Theme of the extract:

           The theme of the novel revolves around the Agra treasure. Throughout the story, the appearance of the treasure leads to a direct and often tragic change in the lives of the characters. Because of this, it is important that the removal of the treasure would cause the characters to return to their previous position. The shallowness of wealth and the destruction that can come through it is also seen prevailing throughout the novel. As the Agra treasure directly and adversely affects almost everyone. In the course of the story, the Sheik’s emissary and Bartholomew are both murdered for the treasure, Tonga is killed while fleeing with it, and Small is sentenced to life imprisonment. Additionally, both Thaddeus and his father spent their lives constantly in fear about wooden legged men, and about strangers in general.

4.2 To Sir With Love

 

To Sir, with Love Summary

To Sir, with Love is a novel by E.R. Braithwaite that recounts Braithwaite's personal experiences as a teacher in London, where his unorthodox teaching methods won him the affections of his students.

• Braithwaite struggles to find steady work after World War II. Eventually, he gets a job as a teacher in London.

• Braithwaite's students are semi-literate and largely uninterested in learning. They don't respect Braithwaite, and he struggles to teach them using the official curricula of the school.

• Finally, Braithwaite decides to switch tactics and engage his student's interests directly. He finally gets through to his students, and they come to love him.

Brainstorming Activities

CHARACTER

(A1) (i) Which one among the following is a teacher in the extract? Select the correct one. Also cite a couple of lines from the extract in support of your answer.

(a) Denham (c) Sapiano

(b) Miss Joseph (d) Dale- Evans

Ans:d) Dale- Evans

The lines from the extract to support the answer are :-

Mr. Weston, Mrs. Dale-Evans, Miss. Philips, Denham, and Miss. Joseph led the others off the stage and the teachers took their seats.

(ii) Complete the table highlighting the various traits of the major characters in the extract.

1. Denham: 

• Blunt
• Critical
• Confident
• Courteous
• Argumentative 
• Boxer

2. Miss Phillips:

• Honest
• Smart
• Cool
• Responsible
• Witful
• Supportive

3. Fernman:

• Dramatic
• Clear
• Precise
• Clever

4. Potter:

• Knowledgeable
• Clear
• Concise
• Clever
• Smart 
• Precise

(iii) The narrator played a crucial role in bringing a significant change in the students. Explain the statement by citing some references from the extract.

Answer:

The narrator belonged to black race and joined a school of London where maximum people were belonged to the white race. The discrimination between white and black race was first experienced by the narrator. He had very difficult time with the students in the beginning. The students were rejected from another school and admitted this school. They were disrespectful, ill mannered and mischievous. They considered the teacher arrogant outsider, unfamiliar with the social environment where they have grown up. They harassed the narrator by slamming the benches, speaking in foul language or not obeying him. But the narrator tolerated all the things, without thinking seriously he used to neglect and forgive them. Instead he used the respectful words 'miss' for the girls and 'sir'. Even he completely changed their hygiene and their attitude towards each other. Thus he handled the students in a very amicable way. There was a big change in the students behaviour. This is proved on the day of the half- yearly report of students council. They presented their reports confidently and clearly. They were cool and efficient in their work. They were respectful to the teachers and accepted the verdict of the teachers. This shows the significant and crucial change brought about by the narrator in his students.

(iv) Fernman brought a comic relief in the Students’ Council programme. Explain

Answer: 

Ferman presented physiology.When this arrangement had been set up there was the skeleton hanging from a hook screwed into the top of its skull, gently revolving at the end of a cord. This was somewhat in the nature of comic relief, and the school showed its approval by laughing uproariously. 

(v) Give a brief character-sketch of –

(a) Denham: 

Denham was one of the most senior students of the school. He was important official of the program of students council. He was like business-like and confident allocating the tasks. He addressed the girls as 'miss'. He was a trained boxer. He didn't want P.T. exercises ,he feels unnecessary for him. He presented different views regarding  P.T. and games. He had critical and argumentative views initially but when Miss Phillips gently replied to his arguments, he accepted politely his defeat.

(b) Miss Joseph:

Miss Joseph also was important official of the program students council. She was one of the most senior students. She was like business-like and confident allocating the tasks and fitting in the programme.She sat on the stage beside Mr. Florian with composure. She addressed the audience with confidence.

(c) The Narrator:

The narrator Braithwaite, was Guyanese- born- British-American novelist, writer, teacher and diplomat, best known for his stories of social conditions and racial discrimination against black race. After serving in Army he faced discrimination against black race. He got a job of teacher in a school. He faced difficult time in the school initially. The students of the school were disrespectful, ill mannered and mischievous. They harassed him. But with his innovative techniques and understanding power ,ultimately he won the heart of his  students. He didn't lose his patience, though he was harassed mentally and physically tortured many times. His technique of novel ideas and understanding power helped him to bring significant changes in his students' lives. On the day of the Students council ,half yearly report, he was anxious to see them but observed confidence, cool, respectful behavior of his students.

(d) Miss Dare: 

Miss. Dare was a student's representative who presented the subject physiology with Fernman. She spoke about the problems of all humanity ,they face in terms of sickness and disease,and the advantages gained by interchange of knowledge, advice and assistance. Her contribution was something of an anticlimax after Fernman's performance. She seemed to realize it,but continued with her speech.

(e) Miss Phillips:

Miss. Phillips was one of the teachers from the teachers panel selected for answering the questions while students council. She intervened skillfully when other teachers were at loss without embarrassing them. She spoke coolly, honestly and with authority. She controlled her class very well. According to her the whole time table in the school is meant to help all the students in the world after they leave the school. She explained the importance of the P.T. 

(vi) Compare the following characters:

Miss. Joseph and Denham

Fernman and Miss. Dare

Both were important officials for the function of the half-yearly report, students’ council. (Major Characters)      Both were business-like and efficient while allocating tasks and fitting in the programme.       Both addressed the audience with confidence. While Denham was blunt, critical and argumentative while discussing the P.T. exercises that everyone has to do in the school.        He argued with Miss. Phillips but when Miss. Phillips pleasantly and coolly put him in his place, he accepted his defeat graciously.

1.       Both were representatives of the class to present their subject knowledge report.(Minor Characters) 2.       Both discussed the subject of physiology by exhibiting a model of a human Skeleton and stressing the conclusion that basically all people are the same. 3.       Miss. Dare spoke about the problems, all human have to face in terms of sickness and diseases and advantages gained by interchange of knowledge, advice and assistance. 4.       Fernman was clear, precise and dramatic. He kept audience spell-bound by speech. He was clever while questioning the teachers.

1.2 On Saying ‘Please’

 

1.2 On Saying ‘Please’

On Saying "Please" is really worth reading to bring a change in our social behaviour. Here, one can enjoy the writer's meticulous  selection of vocabulary  and complex structures. It sets a challenge  in front of the readers to find contextual references of the words and phrases.

Title: The title ‘On Saying ‘Please’ gives us a hint that the topic is related to manners. We should know the importance of saying ‘ please’ to others. Good manners make us a socially accpeted person. It makes healthy relationship between individuals.

New words:-

Undoubtedly - known for certain to be so

Discourtesy - not polite, rudeness

assault and battery - an attack which includes not only threats but the actual use of violence

burglar - thief who breaks into houses shops etc with the intention of stealing

retaliate - to do something bad to someone who has done something bad to you

assailant - an attacker

legislate - to make a law or laws

violence - action or feeling that causes damage, unrest etc

to box - to fight with the fists (closed hands)

haughty - a high opinion of oneself and often a low position of others

boorish - rude, uncultured

laceration - hurt feelings

slur - a cause of blame

redress - remedy, set right

vanity - pride

brooding over - spend time thinking anxiously or sadly about something

equilibrium - balance (of the mind, emotions)

bullied - threatened

insolent - very rude

henpecked –a husband who always does what his wife tells him to do

black eye – dark coloured skin around somebody’s eye ehere he or she has been hit

endorse - official agreement to the decision

martyrdom - the death or suffering of a martyr

morose - unhappy, very sad and ill tempered

Decalogue - the Ten Commandments

Verdict - judgement

intercourse - communication, conversation

resentment - anger

ordeal - difficult or painful experience

knave - a dishonest person

cheerfully - happily

squared - having no doubt, settled

countenance - a person’s face or expression

treading - pressing down something with foot

assured - confident

inexhaulstible - unlimited ,can never be finished

solicitious - caring or concerned, giving helpful care

irradiated - (here) spread or produced

uncouth - impolite, unrefined

benediction - a blessing

conciliatory - trying to win friendly feelings

panegyric - a speech or piece of writing praising someone highly

moral affront – insult, disrespect

boor - a rude insensitive person

Ice Breakers

1) List the words of courtesy that we use in our daily life. Explain the purpose of using each.

Answer:

Words and purpose:-

1) Thank you – To express gratitude

2) Excuse me – To take permission to go ahead or to ask something

3) Pardon me – To ask to repeat the words

4) May I – To take permission

5) Yes / No sir – To agree or disagree with respect - man

6) Yes / No madam - To agree or disagree with respect - woman

7) You are welcome – To accept the expression of gratitude

8) Mention not – Reply to thank you, need not to say thank you.

9) I am sorry – To tell someone that you are ashamed for hurting them, to say disagree, to oppose other’s view politely

10) My pleasure- To tell you are happy to help or do favour

A4)

(i) Edit the given paragraph using a/an/the wherever necessary.

Rakesh is a/an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a/the famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in a/the morning and taking him out for a/the walk in an/the evening.

Answer:

Rakesh is an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in the morning and taking him out for a walk in the evening.

ii) Spot the errors in each of the following sentences and correct the incorrect ones.

(a) Radha brought pens and distributed them between her five children.

Ans- Radha brought pens and distributed them among her five children.

(b) Jayshree and Sujata sat besides each other in complete silence.

Ans- Jayshree and Sujata sat beside each other in complete silence.

(c) His best friend Vijay was blind within one eye.

Ans- His best friend Vijay was blind in one eye.

(d) One could dare to encroach on his rights.

Ans- One could dare to encroach upon his rights.

(e) She was taken with surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

Ans- She was taken by in surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

(f) It is not possible to exchange the goods once the sale has been completed.

Ans- It is not possible to exchange goods once the sale has been completed.

(g) Dr. Sengupta has been trying to master the craft for the last five years.

Ans- No error.

(h) The top-ranking candidates will be appointed in senior jobs in banks.

Ans-The top-ranking candidates will be appointed to senior jobs in banks.

(i) She knows very well what is expected from her but she is unable to perform.

Ans-She knows very well what is expected of her but she is unable to perform.

(j) They will put on a note in this regard for your consideration.

Ans-They will put up a note in this regard for your consideration.

Activity Sheet:

Q. Read the extract and complete the activities given below.(12)

The young lift-man in a City office who threw a passenger out of his lift the other morning and was fined for the offence was undoubtedly in the wrong. It was a question of 'Please'. The complainant entering the lift; said,'Top'. The lift-man demanded 'Top-please' and this concession being refused he not only declined to comply with the instruction, but hurled the passenger out of the lift. This, of course was carrying a comment on manner too far. Discourtesy is not a legal offence, and it does not excuse assault and battery. If a burglar breaks into my house and I knock him down, the law will acquit me, and if I am physically assaulted, it will permit me to retaliate with reasonable violence. It does this because the burglar and my assailant have broken quite definite commands of the law, but no legal system could attempt to legislate against bad manners, or could sanction the use of violence against something which it does not itself recognize as a legally punishable offence. And whatever our sympathy with the lift-man, we must admit that the law is reasonable. It would never do if we were at liberty to box people's ears because we did not like their behaviour, or the tone of their voices, or the scowl on their faces. Our fists would never be idle, and the gutters of the City would run with blood all day.

A1.True or False (2)

Rewrite and state whether the following sentences are true or false.

i)The writer favours the step taken by the lift-man.

ii) Discourtesy is hardly a legal offence.

iii) According to the writer, the law is not irreasonable.

iv)The passanger said Top-please to the lift-man.

A2. Describe (2)

Describe the incident in the lift in about 50 words.

A3. Locate (2)

Locate the lines which prove the following statement.

“The law acquits any reasonable retaliation in self defence.”

A4. Personal Response (2)

Write any four polite expressions you use in your day-to-day life.

A5. Do as directed (2)  
                                                                                                                       

i) We did not like their behaviour.        

     (Make it affirmative)

ii) I knock him down.

    (Change the Voice)

A6. Vocabulary (2)

Fill in  the blanks with appropriate words given in the bracket and rewrite the sentences.

          (reasonable, attempt, concession, sympathy)

i) He had taken a very ----------- to get success.

ii) It was a -------------- measure to support the decision.

iii) A man without -----------in heart is like a stone.

iv) The students’ applied for the ------------ in the fees

A4)

(i) Edit the given paragraph using a/an/the wherever necessary.

Rakesh is a/an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a/the famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in a/the morning and taking him out for a/the walk in an/the evening.

Answer:

Rakesh is an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in the morning and taking him out for a walk in the evening.

ii) Spot the errors in each of the following sentences and correct the incorrect ones.

(a) Radha brought pens and distributed them between her five children.

Ans- Radha brought pens and distributed them among her five children.

(b) Jayshree and Sujata sat besides each other in complete silence.

Ans- Jayshree and Sujata sat beside each other in complete silence.

(c) His best friend Vijay was blind within one eye.

Ans- His best friend Vijay was blind in one eye.

(d) One could dare to encroach on his rights.

Ans- One could dare to encroach upon his rights.

(e) She was taken with surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

Ans- She was taken by in surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

(f) It is not possible to exchange the goods once the sale has been completed.

Ans- It is not possible to exchange goods once the sale has been completed.

(g) Dr. Sengupta has been trying to master the craft for the last five years.

Ans- No error.

(h) The top-ranking candidates will be appointed in senior jobs in banks.

Ans-The top-ranking candidates will be appointed to senior jobs in banks.

(i) She knows very well what is expected from her but she is unable to perform.

Ans-She knows very well what is expected of her but she is unable to perform.

(j) They will put on a note in this regard for your consideration.

Ans-They will put up a note in this regard for your consideration.

Activity Sheet:

Q. Read the extract and complete the activities given below.(12)

The young lift-man in a City office who threw a passenger out of his lift the other morning and was fined for the offence was undoubtedly in the wrong. It was a question of 'Please'. The complainant entering the lift; said,'Top'. The lift-man demanded 'Top-please' and this concession being refused he not only declined to comply with the instruction, but hurled the passenger out of the lift. This, of course was carrying a comment on manner too far. Discourtesy is not a legal offence, and it does not excuse assault and battery. If a burglar breaks into my house and I knock him down, the law will acquit me, and if I am physically assaulted, it will permit me to retaliate with reasonable violence. It does this because the burglar and my assailant have broken quite definite commands of the law, but no legal system could attempt to legislate against bad manners, or could sanction the use of violence against something which it does not itself recognize as a legally punishable offence. And whatever our sympathy with the lift-man, we must admit that the law is reasonable. It would never do if we were at liberty to box people's ears because we did not like their behaviour, or the tone of their voices, or the scowl on their faces. Our fists would never be idle, and the gutters of the City would run with blood all day.

A1.True or False (2)

Rewrite and state whether the following sentences are true or false.

i)The writer favours the step taken by the lift-man.

ii) Discourtesy is hardly a legal offence.

iii) According to the writer, the law is not irreasonable.

iv)The passanger said Top-please to the lift-man.

A2. Describe (2)

Describe the incident in the lift in about 50 words.

A3. Locate (2)

Locate the lines which prove the following statement.

“The law acquits any reasonable retaliation in self defence.”

A4. Personal Response (2)

Write any four polite expressions you use in your day-to-day life.

A5. Do as directed (2)  
                                                                                                                       

i) We did not like their behaviour.        

     (Make it affirmative)

ii) I knock him down.

    (Change the Voice)

A6. Vocabulary (2)

Fill in  the blanks with appropriate words given in the bracket and rewrite the sentences.

          (reasonable, attempt, concession, sympathy)

i) He had taken a very ----------- to get success.

ii) It was a -------------- measure to support the decision.

iii) A man without -----------in heart is like a stone.

iv) The students’ applied for the ------------ in the fees

A4)

(i) Edit the given paragraph using a/an/the wherever necessary.

Rakesh is a/an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a/the famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in a/the morning and taking him out for a/the walk in an/the evening.

Answer:

Rakesh is an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in the morning and taking him out for a walk in the evening.

ii) Spot the errors in each of the following sentences and correct the incorrect ones.

(a) Radha brought pens and distributed them between her five children.

Ans- Radha brought pens and distributed them among her five children.

(b) Jayshree and Sujata sat besides each other in complete silence.

Ans- Jayshree and Sujata sat beside each other in complete silence.

(c) His best friend Vijay was blind within one eye.

Ans- His best friend Vijay was blind in one eye.

(d) One could dare to encroach on his rights.

Ans- One could dare to encroach upon his rights.

(e) She was taken with surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

Ans- She was taken by in surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

(f) It is not possible to exchange the goods once the sale has been completed.

Ans- It is not possible to exchange goods once the sale has been completed.

(g) Dr. Sengupta has been trying to master the craft for the last five years.

Ans- No error.

(h) The top-ranking candidates will be appointed in senior jobs in banks.

Ans-The top-ranking candidates will be appointed to senior jobs in banks.

(i) She knows very well what is expected from her but she is unable to perform.

Ans-She knows very well what is expected of her but she is unable to perform.

(j) They will put on a note in this regard for your consideration.

Ans-They will put up a note in this regard for your consideration.

Activity Sheet:

Q. Read the extract and complete the activities given below.(12)

The young lift-man in a City office who threw a passenger out of his lift the other morning and was fined for the offence was undoubtedly in the wrong. It was a question of 'Please'. The complainant entering the lift; said,'Top'. The lift-man demanded 'Top-please' and this concession being refused he not only declined to comply with the instruction, but hurled the passenger out of the lift. This, of course was carrying a comment on manner too far. Discourtesy is not a legal offence, and it does not excuse assault and battery. If a burglar breaks into my house and I knock him down, the law will acquit me, and if I am physically assaulted, it will permit me to retaliate with reasonable violence. It does this because the burglar and my assailant have broken quite definite commands of the law, but no legal system could attempt to legislate against bad manners, or could sanction the use of violence against something which it does not itself recognize as a legally punishable offence. And whatever our sympathy with the lift-man, we must admit that the law is reasonable. It would never do if we were at liberty to box people's ears because we did not like their behaviour, or the tone of their voices, or the scowl on their faces. Our fists would never be idle, and the gutters of the City would run with blood all day.

A1.True or False (2)

Rewrite and state whether the following sentences are true or false.

i)The writer favours the step taken by the lift-man.

ii) Discourtesy is hardly a legal offence.

iii) According to the writer, the law is not irreasonable.

iv)The passanger said Top-please to the lift-man.

A2. Describe (2)

Describe the incident in the lift in about 50 words.

A3. Locate (2)

Locate the lines which prove the following statement.

“The law acquits any reasonable retaliation in self defence.”

A4. Personal Response (2)

Write any four polite expressions you use in your day-to-day life.

A5. Do as directed (2)  
                                                                                                                       

i) We did not like their behaviour.        

     (Make it affirmative)

ii) I knock him down.

    (Change the Voice)

A6. Vocabulary (2)

Fill in  the blanks with appropriate words given in the bracket and rewrite the sentences.

          (reasonable, attempt, concession, sympathy)

i) He had taken a very ----------- to get success.

ii) It was a -------------- measure to support the decision.

iii) A man without -----------in heart is like a stone.

iv) The students’ applied for the ------------ in the fees